1. Mumakore anenge 40 kubva muna 1960 kusvika muna 1999, kubuda kwesimbi isina tsvina munyika dzokuMadokero kwakawedzera kubva pamamiriyoni 2.15 kusvika kumamiriyoni 17,28, kuwedzera kwe8 nguva, neavhareji yekukura kwegore negore inenge 5.5%.Simbi isina tsvina inonyanya kushandiswa mukicheni, midziyo yemumba, zvekufambisa, kuvaka, uye engineering yevagari.Panyaya yemidziyo yekubikira, pane kunyanya kugezesa matangi uye magetsi emagetsi negasi emvura, uye midziyo yemumba inonyanya kusanganisira chigubhu chemichina yekuwachisa otomatiki.Kubva pakuona kwekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza sekuchengetedza simba uye kudzokorodza, kudiwa kwesimbi isina tsvina kunotarisirwa kuwedzera mberi.
Mundima yezvekufambisa, pane kunyanya kupeta masisitimu emotokari dzenjanji nemotokari.Simbi isina tsvina inoshandiswa pakuburitsa masystem ingangoita 20-30kg pamotokari, uye kudiwa kwepagore munyika kunosvika miriyoni imwe yematani, inova ndiyo nzvimbo yakakura yekushandisa yesimbi isina tsvina.
Muchikamu chekuvaka, kwave nekuwedzera kwekuwedzera kwekuda, senge: varindi muSingapore MRT zviteshi, vachishandisa anenge zviuru zvishanu zvematani ekunze esimbi isina tsvina.Mumwe muenzaniso iJapan.Mushure me1980, simbi isina tsvina yakashandiswa muindasitiri yekuvaka yakawedzera kanenge ka4, inonyanya kushandiswa pamatenga, kuvaka mukati nekunze kwekushongedza uye zvimiro zvemukati.Mumakore ekuma1980, 304-mhando yemhando dzisina kupendwa dzakashandiswa semidziyo yekuisa denga munzvimbo dzemahombekombe eJapan, uye kushandiswa kwesimbi yakapendwa yesimbi yakashandurwa zvishoma nezvishoma kubva pakufunga nezvekudzivirira ngura.Mumakore ekuma1990, 20% kana kupfuura yakakwirira Cr ferritic simbi isina tsvina ine high corrosion resistance yakagadziridzwa uye yakashandiswa semidziyo yedenga, uye nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekupedzisa pamusoro dzakagadzirwa kuitira aesthetics.
Mumunda weinjiniya yehurumende, simbi isina tsvina inoshandiswa pashongwe dzekusveta madhamu muJapan.Munzvimbo dzinotonhora dzeEurope neUnited States, kuitira kudzivirira kutonhora kwemigwagwa mikuru nemabhiriji, zvakakosha kumwaya munyu, iyo inowedzera kuparara kwesimbi yesimbi, saka simbi isina tsvina inoshandiswa.Mumigwagwa muNorth America, nzvimbo dzinosvika makumi mana dzakashandisa simbi isina tsvina mumakore matatu apfuura, uye huwandu hwekushandisa hwenzvimbo imwe neimwe i200-1000 matani.Mune ramangwana, musika wesimbi isina tsvina mumunda uyu uchaita mutsauko.
2. Chinokosha chekuwedzera kushandiswa kwesimbi isina tsvina mune ramangwana kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza, hupenyu hurefu uye mukurumbira weIT.
Nezve kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, kutanga kubva pakuona kwekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, kudiwa kwesimbi inodzivirira kupisa uye yakanyanya-tembiricha isingadziviriri simbi isina kusimba yemhando yepamusoro yekupisa marara, zvidyarwa zveLNG uye zvidyarwa zvine simba zvakanyanya kushandisa marasha kudzvanya dioxin chizvarwa. kuwedzera.Zvinofungidzirwawo kuti bhatiri casing yemotokari dzemafuta, iyo ichashandiswa mukutanga kwezana ramakore rechi21, ichashandisawo simbi isina tsvina.Kubva pamaonero emhando yemvura uye kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza, mumvura yekugovera uye yekugezesa michina yekurapa, simbi isina tsvina ine yakanakisa corrosion resistance ichawedzerawo kudiwa.
Nezvehupenyu hurefu, kushandiswa kwesimbi isina tsvina kunowedzera mumabhiriji aripo, migwagwa mikuru, tunnels nezvimwe zvivako muEurope, uye izvi zvinotarisirwa kupararira pasi rose.Uye zvakare, hupenyu hwezvivakwa zvekugara muJapan hwakanyanya kupfupika pamakore makumi maviri-30, uye kuraswa kwemarara kwave dambudziko guru.Nekuchangobva kubuda kwezvivakwa zvine hupenyu hwemakore zana, kudiwa kwezvinhu zvine kusimba kwakanyanya kuchakura.Kubva pakuona kwekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza kwepasirese, uku uchidzikisa huinjiniya uye marara ekuvaka, zvinodikanwa kuongorora nzira yekudzikisa mari yekuchengetedza kubva padanho rekugadzira rekuunza pfungwa nyowani.
Nezvekuzivikanwa kweIT, mukufambiswa kweIT uye kufarirwa, zvishandiso zvinoshanda zvinotora basa rakakura mumidziyo yemidziyo, uye zvinodiwa zvepamusoro-chaiyo uye yakakwirira-inoshanda zvinhu zvakakura kwazvo.Semuenzaniso, mune mbozhanhare uye microcomputer zvikamu, iyo yakakwira simba, elasticity uye isiri-magineti zvimiro zvesimbi isina tsvina zvinoshandiswa zvinochinjika, izvo zvinowedzera kushandiswa kwesimbi isina tsvina.Uyewo mukugadzira michina ye semiconductors uye akasiyana-siyana substrates, simbi isina tsvina ine utsanana hwakanaka uye kusimba inoita basa rinokosha.
Simbi isina simbi ine zvinhu zvakawanda zvakanaka zvisina mamwe simbi, uye chinhu chine kusimba kwesimba uye kudzokorodza zvakare.Mune ramangwana, simbi isina tsvina ichashandiswa zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana mukupindura shanduko munguva.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-06-2022